A person with an apparent impairment may not necessarily identify as having a disability. A. A psychologist can first say the name of a client with an attention disorder, make eye contact with the client, and then proceed with verbal communication.
A longitudinal analysis of psychological impact and coping strategies following spinal cord injury. For example, a psychologist working with an adolescent student who has an intellectual or learning disability should involve the student and family in developing an IEP and making life choices (e.g., Combes, Hardy, & Buchan, 2004).
Test administration modifications must be carefully studied (Standard 10.4). (2004). & McCubbin,H.I. JAWS computer screen-reading software; the Kurzweil Reader which converts text to speech) for people with visual or learning disabilities; and programs to simplify written language for individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities (Vensand et al., 2000; Wehmeyer, 2006; Wehmeyer, Smith, & Davies, 2005).
), Shogren, K. A., Wehmeyer, M. L., Reese, R. M., & O'Hara, D. (2006). For example, parents of an infant with a disability may not be mourning the loss of an idealized child. Along with these stressors, family members may feel frustrated, angry, confused, exhausted and sad (Rolland & Walsh, 2006).Despite these issues most families of people with disabilities are resilient. Overall, there is little empirical support for the usefulness of such models in describing how individuals respond to disability (Elliott & Frank, 1986; Parker, Schaller & Hansmann, 2003; Trieschmann, 1988). In order to promote client choice, a psychologist might train other service providers in active listening strategies or in ways to determine preferences of individuals with communication disabilities. However, other individuals prefer disability-first language (National Federation of the Blind, 1993; Sinclair, 2007). Yoman, J., & Edelstein, B. Horner-Johnson, W., & Drum, C. E. (2006). Scherer, M. J.
In D. B. In R. Marinelli & A. E. Dell Orto (Eds. A psychologist may also misattribute a psychological characteristic to having a disability, such as assuming that a person’s shyness is attributable to having a limb loss without considering other explanations.Research suggests psychologists tend to believe problems experienced by clients with intellectual disabilities are attributable to their disability as opposed to psychological conditions, such as depression (Mason & Scior, 2004; Nezu & Nezu, 1994; Reiss, Levitan, & Szyszko, 1982). Elliott, T. R., & Umlauf, R. L. (1995). Family members recognize their own personal strengths, such as patience, humor, and problem solving skills, while experiencing greater empathy for and understanding of others (Goodley & Tregaskis, 2006; Scorgie, Wilgosh, & McDonald, 1996; Scorgie, Wilgosh, & Sobsey, 2004).Adults with disabilities may be spouses, parents, siblings, aunts, uncles, significant others, and grandparents. In D. Goodley & R. Lawthom (Eds. Musculoskeletal injury.
), Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1995). This assessment focuses on social behavior, activities of daily living, family, school or work behavior, communication, motor skills and functional academic skills and ensures disability accommodations in an assessment setting. In N. M. Crewe & I. K. Zola (Eds.
Although current models emphasize an ecological perspective, clients and therapists may hold beliefs about disability that are influenced by religious, cultural and medical beliefs. Crawford, D. W., Jackson, E. L., & Godbey, G. (1991). Casual relationships between poverty and disability. Powers, L. E. (1993). Disability-related concepts such as independent living and autonomy may vary or not apply to different groups (Bryan, 2007; Lomay & Hinkebein, 2006; Uswatte & Elliott, 1997).Women with disabilities report experiencing significant levels of depression and low self-esteem (Hughes, Nosek, & Robinson-Whelen, 2007; Niemeier, 2008; Nosek, Howland et al., 2001), both of which are associated with social isolation, quality of intimate relationships, pain, and higher risk of abuse (Nosek et al., 2001). For instance, health professionals need to be aware of how to effectively communicate with patients who have a range of disabilities, including people who are deaf or hard of hearing, or who have a speech, vision, or intellectual disability. Functional assessment in psychiatric disability.